Weight-loss drugs linked to eating disorders in young men, study warns

A new study has raised concerns about the growing use of prescription weight-loss drugs, linking them to disordered eating and mental health problems among young males.

Medications such as Ozempic and Wegovy, originally developed to treat diabetes or obesity, are increasingly being used by people without these conditions. Researchers warn that while these drugs may aid weight loss, they could also contribute to harmful psychological and behavioural effects in teenage boys and young men.

The study, conducted across the United States and Canada, surveyed 1,543 males aged between 15 and 35. Nineteen respondents, equivalent to 1.2 per cent, reported taking prescription weight-loss medication in the previous year. Although this represents a small minority, their reported experiences revealed troubling patterns.

Those who had used the drugs tended to be older and have higher body mass indexes than non-users. More significantly, they displayed elevated rates of binge eating, loss of control over eating and purging through vomiting. They also scored higher on measures of eating disorder psychopathology, suggesting stronger preoccupation with disordered thoughts, feelings and behaviours around food.

Kyle T. Ganson, lead author of the study and assistant professor at the University of Toronto’s Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, described the findings as particularly relevant given the rising popularity and media coverage of GLP-1 receptor agonists such as Ozempic and Wegovy. “Even though these medications are typically prescribed for obesity or diabetes, their off-label use for weight loss has become increasingly popular,” he said. “Our study identifies potential psychological effects on young men.”

While public discussion around eating disorders often focuses on girls and women, experts argue that boys and young men face similar risks. Pressures to achieve a lean or muscular physique, coupled with a lack of role models and open conversations about body image, may push some towards restrictive dieting, excessive exercise or prescription drugs.

The authors stress that medication alone cannot address underlying issues of body image and self-esteem. They call for greater research into the psychological impact of weight-loss drugs, alongside improved screening, education and policy measures to help identify risks early.

Healthcare professionals, schools and families all have a role to play in supporting young men, the study concludes. By acknowledging the social pressures they face and recognising the dangers of quick fixes such as prescription weight-loss medication, it may be possible to promote healthier and more sustainable approaches.